73rd Airlift Squadron history

  • Published
  • By Master Sgt. Brady Kiel
  • 932nd Airlift Wing historian
By April 1944, the 434th Troop Carrier Group (TCG) and 73rd Troop Carrier Squadron (TCS) had completed weeks of practice dropping the Army's 101st Airborne troops in England. 

The units then turned to perfecting
glider-towing operations.
The 434th and its parent wing collectively
logged nearly 7,000 hours
practicing with gliders. The exercise
Operation EAGLE on May 11 and 12
revealed continued glitches in these difficult
processes. 

The flyers spent the
remainder of the month diligently working
to resolve their problems. Their haste
was not without reason as an historic
day lay directly on the horizon. 

Until the Normandy invasion, allied
aircraft had never flown into combat
with a force larger than a reinforced
regimental combat team. In the
Normandy operation, however, American
troop carrier units transported two
reinforced airborne divisions. (British
transports flew in another division.)
In view of its enormity, importance
and difficulties of the task, it is not surprising
that so much time was given over
to plans, preparations and training. 

The 434th TCG, being the first of the IX
Troop Carrier Command units to reach
the theater, trained for some seven
months for an operation that was over
in a matter of hours.
The Group's D-Day mission was
to tow gliders, which carried reinforcements
to the 101st Airborne Division
troops who had been dropped a few
hours earlier.
At 1:19 a.m., June 6, 1944, 52 of
the Group's planes, each towing a Waco
Glider, began taking off from
Aldermaston. Their cargo consisted of
55 troops, sixteen 57mm anti-tank guns,
25 vehicles, 2.5 tons of ammunition,
and 11 tons of miscellaneous freight. 

Shortly after take-off, one glider
broke loose and landed four miles from
the base. This glider carried the radio
with which the 101st Airborne Division
was to have communicated with higher
headquarters. The remainder of the formation
reached Cherbourg peninsula in
France encountering sporadic small
arms fire, that downed one aircraft and
glider. 

Forty-nine planes reached the release
area at 3:54 a.m. and turned back
toward England. All of them landed
shortly after 5:30 a.m. The 434th had
successfully performed the task for
which it had been trained. 

The airborne troops who plunged
into France on D-Day depended, to a
certain extent, on aerial resupply and
reinforcement. The 434th TCG participated
in those follow-up missions.
Later, during the afternoon of DDay,
the Group sent 32 of its planes,
which were each towing a Horsa Glider,
back to the 101st Airborne Division
area. That payload consisted of 157
troops, 40 vehicles, six guns, and about
19 tons of other equipment and supplies. 

The mission proved to be an easy
one. The planes encountered no enemy
aircraft, virtually no ground fire and they
sustained only a few nicks on one plane.
In the early morning hours of DDay
plus one, the 434th flew its last mission
in conjunction with the Normandy
landing with 50 planes. Each were towing
a Waco Glider transporting reinforcements
to the 82nd Airborne Division.

(The 73rd Airlift Squadron is part of the 932nd Airlift Wing at Scott Air Force Base, flying the C-9C and C-40C planes.)